At the most recent census in 2016 there were 906 people who lived on Flinders and Cape Barren Islands. Whitemark is the main settlement on the island, and also hosts the island's primary airport. There are also townships at Lady Barron, Emita and Killiecrankie.

The stunning natural environment is well-protected, with the Strzelecki National Park and numerous conservation areas along the length of the island. The majority of the rural island land utilised for agricultural primary production, with sheep and wool production, cattle grazing and fishing (crayfish, abalone and scale fish) operations producing some of the finest produce you are likely to find.

Tourism is of course an important industry for the island, with the setting providing a spectacular backdrop, and the locals adding a warm and friendly welcome.